Black frame: Includes only earthworks, the foundation, the reinforced concrete load-bearing structure (columns, slabs), the building of external walls, and the roof. White frame: Adds internal partition layouts, plastered walls, floor screed, installed doors and windows, and basic utilities brought into the property to the black frame setup. Green frame: This is the stage right before cosmetic renovation. It builds upon the white frame by adding fully wired electricity, heating pipes, plumbing networks, and ideally finished, puttied walls throughout the house.

Building the structure and frame of an average-sized private house (150–250 sq.m.) takes between 4 to 7 months, depending on the project complexity, terrain, and weather (as concrete curing technology requires its own time). Bringing the project to a complete green frame stage takes a total of 9 to 12 months.